Section outline

  • Writing a practical work report (PW)
        I.1. Introduction:
    A practical work report is the first scientific document that you are required to write.
          As such, it must be written in a concise and clear style, avoiding any form of literary or telegraphic style.
         Scientific language has terms with a precise and unequivocal meaning; they must be used as necessary without overusing them.
    A poorly chosen term can sometimes completely modify the meaning of a sentence or make it
    incomprehensible. Abbreviations may be used provided they have been defined in the report when first used.
    In particular, it is essential to have assimilated the course content before each practical work session. The structure of a practical work report includes: a title, an introduction, a theoretical part,
    an implementation part, the results, their interpretation and a conclusion.
    The report must be sent to the teacher concerned within a maximum of 1 week (if your practical work took place on Friday the 10th, the report must be received no later than Friday the 17th).
    A report not given or delivered after the deadline automatically results in a zero for the pair.
    I.2. Purpose of reporting:
    The report is a summary of the work carried out during the session.
    - It allows you to retain what you have learned by carrying out the manipulations.
    A report is above all a working document for your personal use.
    - It also allows the teacher to check that the work has been carried out correctly and that you have correctly
    including the course chapter associated with the manipulations.
    The report must be carried out by two students maximum.
    I.3. Technical Report Content
    It must contain an introduction and a conclusion.
    a) Introduction:
    The introduction briefly presents the objective of the practical work. This part is very important because a well-written introduction which clearly presents the interest of the manipulation gives the reader a favorable impression for the rest.
     
    b) Core of the report:
    The PW statement is organized according to a logical progression. The successive manipulations should lead you to understand a particular point of the theme addressed. Therefore, you need to make this progression appear.
    - Before dealing with a question or a group of questions, ask yourself what we want you to discover. Then explain the purpose of the manipulation you are going to carry out.
    - Then describe the manipulation, precisely enough to be able to do it again later.
    You can insert screenshots and diagrams to illustrate your point. Any document provided must include a caption.
    - Finally, write a conclusion to the question. Your conclusion answers the problem presented in the introduction to the question.
    Remember that the reader of the report must be able to read it without having to refer to the statement to understand your steps and manipulations.
    c) The theoretical part:
    We present the principle of the experiment that we have to carry out. It is often a physical law that is applied for an analysis method. It is then necessary to present the equation (mathematical form of the relationship between physical quantities),
    the parameters (physical quantities kept constant during the experiment) and the variables of the experiment. We must not forget to give the values ​​of the physical constants in the units of measurement or calculation.

    II.  Calculations:

    If calculations are carried out, they must be presented in the form of 3onlin equations:

    Y = a.x+ b = 2.73 x 4.02 + 10.45 = 21.42 kg

     

    If we have to measure the slope of a line on a graph, we must take the largest possible values ​​of x and y, that is to say at the level of the axes.
     
    i) Interpretation:
    Every scientific experiment is followed by an interpretation. As part of the practical work, it will be necessary to provide the variables involved and the essential comments on the experience. It is your results that you should comment on, not those you should have obtained.
    ➢ Take into account the uncertainties linked to the measurements.
    ➢ Highlight influencing factors, a relationship between quantities...
    ➢ Carry out the necessary calculations to validate your hypotheses
    ➢ If you have questions in your practical work sheet,
    ➢ You must answer them because they are there to guide you.
    The questions asked in the statement of a TP are there to guide you in your writing, and therefore their answers must appear in your report
    j) Conclusion:
    The report ends with a conclusion which must draw a lesson from the work carried out in relation to the set objective, and attempt a generalization - if necessary - of the process and the results.
    You can also provide a personal assessment of the work (comparison of the values ​​obtained with references, improvement to be made to the handling, discussion of the results, etc.).
    Recall the essential points covered in the practical work and the conclusions drawn from the manipulations. The conclusion should allow the teacher to check what you have learned from the session.
     Indicate whether the initial hypotheses are validated or not;
     Propose a response to the problem posed;
     Say if the objective has been achieved;
     Compare the results you obtained to those in the literature (your simulation, calculations, web, encyclopedia, etc.).
    If the results do not confirm the hypotheses, investigate whether this difference is due to an error in handling, design of the protocol, or the principle of the experiment.

     

    I.4. Form of report:
     Write sentences in French. Ban the telegraphic style and excessive abbreviations;
     Correct spelling mistakes;
     Never copy/paste the course, the help of the software used or the OS, or websites!;
    You can help yourself, but your summary must be personal. You can make quotes, but you must then specify the source and explain the cited paragraph.
     Never answer only yes or no to a question... You must always justify your answer;
     Always insert a complete diagram of the assembly studied;
     Use screen prints to illustrate your point. They must include a numbered legend to which you will refer in the body of the report. They should not be on a black background to save ink!;
    I.5. Report evaluation criteria:
    The rating takes into account:
     The relevance of the manipulations carried out and the accuracy of the conclusions;
     The choice of technical vocabulary;
     From the spirit of synthesis of the document;
     The quality of the introduction and conclusion;
     The quality of writing and spelling;
    Don't forget that the PW report (C.R.) is also a work of communication between the members of the pair, and not that of just one!
    On the other hand, I expect from you a faithful, original and lively report. So awaken your creativity and the taste for a job well done that lies dormant within you and the grade will be accordingly.
    Web graphics:
    http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiam/williams/tp/Pharmacie/Compte rendu.pdf
    http://http://igm.univ-mlv.fr/~lohier/IR/Consignes_Compte-rendu.pdf
    perso.numericable.fr/~ascoutry/fichiers/methode_redaction_compte rendu_TP.pdf